Tanker Insights – What’s the Deal with all of these US Crude Oil Exports?
March 15, 2017
Increased US crude oil exports are positive for Aframax demand in the Caribs
Crude oil exports from the United States reached a historic peak of 1.2 mb/d in mid-February, up from 0.6 mb/d at the at the end of January. Cargoes have moved as far as India and China in recent weeks, with some of this long haul crude moving on Aframaxes. So, what’s the deal with all of these US crude oil exports?
The US Congress relaxed the long-standing ban on domestically produced crude oil exports in Dec’15, paving the way for US producers to access world markets. For most of 2016, exports were slow to ramp up, with an average of ~0.5 mb/d of domestic crude leaving the US. However, as we’ve seen in recent weeks, that volume has now more than doubled. While two dozen oil producing nations are currently grappling with production cuts in order to boost oil prices, the US is bucking that trend by ramping up production, adding more drill rigs (an addition of 73 so far this year), and building out export infrastructure. So far in 2017, production is averaging ~0.2 mb/d higher than 2016.
Economic factors have been an important driver behind the recent uptick in US crude exports. The discount between WTI and Brent has widened in recent weeks, making US light crude more attractive to buyers in the Atlantic basin. In addition, recent OPEC supply cuts have pushed up the price of Middle East crude relative to Atlantic grades, thereby opening up an arbitrage to move both light and heavy barrels to Asia. Finally, falling tanker freight rates have improved the voyage economics of moving oil long haul to Asian markets.
US crude exports are positive for mid-sized tanker demand in the Atlantic Basin. In addition to some Aframaxes recently moving long-haul from the US Gulf to Asia, including a historic voyage to India, there has also been an uptick for Aframax demand in the US Gulf from reverse lightering. An uptick in exports from the US Gulf could also provide support for Suezmaxes as larger stems of US crude leave the Caribs. Imports into the US have also remained robust so far in 2017, which presents an overall positive demand story for mid-sized tankers in the Caribs / Atlantic Basin market.